Ikiganiro cya 11/15

Urupapuro 3/4 Gufasha abana gusobanukirwa amateka banyuzemo – uko byakorwa

Gufasha abana gusobanukirwa amateka banyuzemo – uko byakorwa

A. KWIFUZA KWITA KU UMWANA NO KUBASHA KWITA KU UMWANA NI IBINTU BIBIRI BITANDUKANYE
Uburyo bwiza wakoreshwa mu kugaragiza umwana ko wubaha ababyeyi be ni ugukoresha iyi mvugo:

Nzi neza ko ababyeyi bawe bari bafite UBUSHAKE bwo kukwitaho. Ikibazo n’uko ababyeyi bose batagira UBUSHOBOZI bwo guha umwana icyo akeneye nk’uko baba babyifuza. Nubwo bagukunda, uzi neza ko bafite ibibazo byinshi (ushobora kumuha ingero nawe abona, urugero “Mama wawe yatangiye kunywa inzoga akiri muto, niyo mpamvu mu myaka agezemo bitamworoheye kuzireka). Niyo mpamvu bafashe icyemezo cyiza ariko nyamara kitoroshye: gusaba abandi bantu ko babafasha kukwitaho! Mu by’ukuri ntabwo bahise basaba ko urererwa ahandi, ariko ubwo bagaragazaga ibibazo bari bafite, bashakaga kugaragaza ko bakeneye ubufasha bwo kugira aho urererwa heza, ariko ntibyaboroheye na gato guhita babivuga. Urabona ko ababyeyi bawe bagerageje kugukorera ibikwiye. Nubwo baturakarira cyangwa bakatugirira ishyari bashaka kugusubirana, ibi n’ibigaragaza ko bagukunda, ko badashaka ko urererwa ahandi. Bazi neza muri bo ko bitoroshye ariko baba bagaragaza ko bifuza ko umererwa neza. Ntabyo ibyo badukorera biturakaza – tugerageza kubumvisha ko icyemezo bafashe cyo kukureka tukakurera cyari cyiza.

B. “UFITE ABABYEYI AHANTU HABIRI – NI AMAHIRWE KURI WOWE!”
Kugira ngo ufashe umwana kumva neza ibyamubayeho, koresha ubu buryo bwo gusobanura budatuma agira ibice bibiri bihangana muri we, kimwe ku babyeyi bamurera, ikindi ku babyeyi bamubyaye:

“Mu by’ukuri ufite amahirwe – ufite aba mama babiri bifuza ko ubaho neza, ukagira n’aba papa babiri bakwifuriza ubuzima bwiza. Ibyo ababyeyi bawe bakoze ni byiza: barakubyaye, mama wawe yagutwite amezi icyenda. Igihe kigeze bananiwe barakuduha turakurera. Muri make ufite ababyeyi bane bashishikajwe n’uko wabaho neza. Icyo bamwe muri twe tutabasha gukora, abandi baragikora. Mu gihe ubona limwe na limwe tutumvikana, biba biterwa n’uko buri wese aba abashaka gukora icyakumerera neza”.

C. GUHUZA AMATEKA Y’UBURERE WABONYE HIRYA NO HINO KUGIRA NGO WIYUBAKEMO ISURA RY’UMUNTU WUZUYE

Muri iki gikorwa uzakenera umukasi, ibifatisho, impapuro nini zabugenewe, amakaramu cyangwa amakaramu y’igiti mu mabara atandukanye. Ushobora gukoresha ibindi bikoresho biberanye n’abana, imigati cyangwa amababi y’ibiti, cyangwa ibindi bikoresho by’ingenzi. Buri gikoresho kizagira umuntu kitirirwa wisanzurana n’umwana cyangwa uwo yishikiraho.

Igikorwa gishobora gukorwa n’abana bari mu kigero cy’imyaka itantu kugeza kuri cumi n’itanu. Bishobora gukorwa mu mugoroba umwe cyangwa muri ibiri, kandi bikaba byasubirwamo igihe umwana amaze kuba mukuru kugirango arusheho kumenya uko yabayeho.

Ubanza gusaba umwana gushushanya ibyiciro bitandukanye cyangwa ukamufasha gushushanya “Abantu bose bigeze kumwitaho”. Itsinda ryose rigomba kugira ibara ryaryo, izina cyangwa ikindi gipimo.

Hashobora kuba harimo sogokuru cyangwa nyogokuru, ababyeyi, abavandimwe, abamwitayeho mu miryango yarerewemo, umuforomo cyangwa umuganga wafashije nyina kumubyara, ababyeyi bamwakiriye mu muryango n’abana babo, imbwa cyangwa irindi tungo yakundaga, umuturanyi, abandi bana barerwa mu muryango, abo yigana nabo kw’ishuri, n’abandi. Fasha umwana gutegura ayo matsinda kandi mubigenere umwanya uhagije.

Fata bimwe mu bibazo bikurikira ubibaze umwana muri buri tsinda. Mubwire agusubize mu ijambo rimwe. Icyo umwana asubiza cyose, cyandike cyangwa shyiraho akamenyetso cyangwa ijambo munsi ya buri tsinda.

  • “Ni ikihe kintu cyiza wibukira kuri uyu muntu (aba bantu)?” (andika ijambo/akamenyetso)
  • “Ni ikihe kintu cyiza kimuranga” (imisatsi myiza/ijwi, urukundo, ubugwaneza, imbaraga, n’ibindi)
  • “Ni ikihe kintu cyiza cyane uyu yagukoreye” (kukubyara, kwibuka isabukuru yawe, n’ibindi)
  • “Ni iki umwibukiraho gishekeje? Ni iki gishekeje kurusha ibindi?” (Urugero, uko agenda, ibintu bisekeje avuga, utuntu tumuranga, n’ibindi).
  • “Ni ikihe kintu cyiza cyane uyu muntu yaguhaye?” (kugira umwete, kugira umuhate, ubuzima butagira umuze, imisatsi itukura, n’ibindi).
GUHUZA AMATEKA YAKUGIZE “UWO URI WE”
Igikurikira, fata urupapuro rushya ubaze umwana (cyangwa umufashe) gushushanya we ubwe ishusho cyanga umurongo munini ku rupapuro rwose. Baza umwana kwandika izina rye cyangwa ikimenyetso ishusho cyanga umurongo munini kandi uvuge:

Ubu tugiye kureba uwo uri we! Buri wese muri twe aba agizwe n’ibyo abandi bamuhaye. Tumeze nk’imodoka y’ikamiyoneti igenda ipakira ibintu bayihaye. Mbere yo kumenya uwo uri we, ni ngombwa kumenya ibyo abandi bagukoreye, kandi ikigaragara n’uko abantu baguhaye ibintu byinshi! Wahuye n’abantu benshi mu buzima, ubu tugiye kwibuka abo aribo tubashyire hamwe!

Iyo ukoreshe ibintu urugero igice cy’umugati, amabuye, amababi cyangwa ibindi bintu, ushobora gushyira igice kimwe hagati hanyuma ukavuga: ‘’Uyu ni wowe n’ikamyoneti yawe. Ubu rero, reka dushakishe ibintu byose byiza abantu baguhaye hanyuma tubishire mu ikamyoneti. Ubwo rero biradufasha kumenya uburyo uhagaze neza akndi ukomeyemo!’’ Iki gice turakitirira nyogokuru wari umunyempuhwe- reka tumwurize imodoka, nawe kandi werekane impuhwe! Iyi n’imbwa wakundaga- reka tuyishyire ku modoka yawe kugirango wiyumvemo urukundo. Ni ibindi n’ibindi. Ibyo bikore abantu bose umwana yavuze bahari.

Niba ukoresheje urupapuro n’ikaramu:

Fata urupapuro rwa mbere ruriho amatsinda n’ibyiza biyaranga maze ubwire umwana afate buri tsinda n’ibyiza biriranga maze abyomeke ku ishusho ye. Umwana agomba gushyira amatsinda y’abantu hafi y’igice cy’umubiri gihuye n’ibyo bamuhaye. Urugero, niba hari umuntu wakunze umwana, afate ishusho ayishyire hafi y’umutima. Niba hari umuntu wari uzi kumva ibibazo bye, amushyire hafi y’amatwi, maze akomeze atyo.

Umwana cyangwa wowe mushobora guhindura ishusho kuburyo yinjra neza mu ishusho y’umwana nk’uko bimera mu mukino wo guhuza uduce (puzzle). Ushobora kubwira umwana uti: “Ese umuryango ukurera wajya he, ese umuryango uvukamo wajya he? Ese tugabanyije ishusho y’umuryango wakwakiriye si bwo yahura n’iyo umuryango uvukamo?” Ibi bishobora gufasha umwana guhuza umuryango umurera n’umuryango avukamo”.

Nurangiza gushyira hamwe uduce twose, ushobora noneho kwibanda ku mwana umufasha muri iki kibazo “Ese ndi nde?”

Ubu noneho urabona ibice byose bikugize! Uri Jack, urasetsa, ufite imbaraga, useka neza, uzi kwiruka, uzi guhobera neza abantu iyo ugiye kuryama (cyangwa ikindi cyose kigaragara mu ishusho). Ugizwe n’ibintu byiza abandi bantu baguhaye, bisobanuye ko ubungubu ugizwe n’abo bantu. None se urabona utari umwana w’igitangaza?

Ubu noneho ushobora kumanika iyo shusho mu cyumba cy’umwana cyangwa mu gikoni aho uyibona buri munsi kandi ukabasha kuganira n’umwana uyifashishije. Ushobora gusanga hari aho ugomba gukosora, ushobora kuganira n’umwana ukabikora.

D. UKO UMUNTU AGENDA AMENYA UWO ARI WE 

Abana bakuru (guhera ku myaka 10 kuzamura) bashobora kureba iyi videwo. Mushobora kuyirebera hamwe. Hanyuma, mushobora kuganira ku byo Yusta avuga muri iyi filime – n’uburyo ubuzima yanyuzemo ndetse n’abamureze bwatumye aba uwo ari we ubungubu.
Hagati aho ushobora kuganiriza umwana ku byo atekereza ku byavuzwe na Yusta: Abamureze batandukanye, uko yatandukanye nabo, uburyo ibimeze nk’ibyo byavuzwe byagize ingaruka ku mwana urera, uburyo uwo mwana urera agerageza guhangana n’ibyo bibazo akabasha kumva neza uwo ariwe akumva n’abandi.

F. FASHA UMWANA URERA MU MURYANGO GUKUSANYA IBIGIZE AMATEKA YE
Nyuma yo kurebera hamwe no kuganira ku nkuru yivugira, ushobora gushishikariza umwana cyangwa urubyiruko kuvuga cyangwa kwandika inkuru ku bantu bose bamweretse impuhwe n/’urukundo, akanyabugabo, abatumye aseka, n’ibindi.

Niba ufite igikoresho gifotora, ushobora gukora inkuru yivugira. Ishobora kuba inkuru ishingiye ku bantu umwana yagiye yisanzuraho. Umwana ashobora kwerekana uko biba bimeze kugira ahantu henshi ukomoka.

Ibyo bishobora kuba bikubiyemo uko byagenze kugirango kugirango umwana agire imiryango ibiri. Vuga ibintu byose by’ingenzi n’ibimushimisha nyuma yo guhura n’ibintu bitandukanye ku myaka afite.

INTEGO Z’IBI BIKORWA
Ibi bikorwa byose bihurike ku intego imwe:
Kugaragariza umwana ko wemeye inkomoko ye, ko ushobora kuganira nawe no ku byerekeranye no kugira inkomoko zitandukanye.

Na none, ikiza bya mumariye guhura n’abantu b’ingeri zitandukanye, kuba ibyo yungutse ari bimwe mu byatumye aba uwo ariwe uyu munsi.

Ikindi, ibi bituma umwana yigirira icyizere akishimira kuba uwo ari we. Ibi bikorwa bihora bisubirwamo inshuro nyinshi mu gihe umwana aba agikeneye ko bamurera.