Ikiganiro cya 16 kuri 19 biteganyijwe

Intangiriro: Gukina ni iki?

Abana n’abakuze bo mu mico yose barakina- ariko kuki gukina aringenzi? gukina ni igice kigize imico y’abana yo kuvubura:iyo umwana yumva atekanye atangira kuvumbura,gukina no gusabana n’abaurera n’abana bagenzi be. Iyo arimo gukina, ubwonko burakura,umwana akitoza ubumyi bwibanze azakenera m’ubuzima bwe:uko ugumana kuringanira,agenzura ibice bigize umubiri we,akiga amabwiriza agenga uko asabana n’abandi. Ushobora gukomeza kwitegereza umwana akina, kugeza ubwo agira ubumenyi ushaka.Gukina Ni inzira ya mbere yo kwiga.Gukina byongera iitsindire y’umwana kw’ishuri,binamutegurira kuzaba umuntu mukuru: gushimikira,kwibuka,ubushobozi byo kwakira gutsindwa mugihe urimo kwiga ibintu bishya.Ubushobozi bwo gufatanya n’abandi mu mukino,kubyina,kuririmbira hamwe.ubushobozi bwo gukurirkiza amabwiriza.
Akammaro kingenzi ko gukina karoroshye: ni ukwishimisha! Kabone nubwo ubwana yaba ababaye afite n’umujagararo w’ubwonko ako kanya atangira kwishimira ubuzima iyo umujyanye mu bikorwa by’imikino. 

Mu isi hose hari amoko menshi y’imikino yamenyekanye mu binyejana,uherey ku makarita. Ibisigaratongo byagaragaje ko abanyafurika bagiraga imikino bakina kuva kera.

Gukina ni ingenzi cyane kugezaho inama ya UN ku burenganzira bw’umwana yabishyize mu ngingo ya 31: Uburenganzira bw’umwana bwo kuruhuka no kwidagadura,no kujya mu bikorwa by’imikino bijyanye nikigero umwana agezemo no kugira uruhare rusesuye mu by’umuco n’ubugeni.

Imikino ikorwa hagamijwe ibyiza byihariye ugeza k’ubana no mu mikurire yabo.ubushakashatsi bugaragaza amahame atatu y’ingenzi ku babarezi kugirango abana babone imibereho myiza n’imikurire ihamye;

1. Gushyigikira umushyikirano/umubano uhamye
2. Gukomeza ubumenyi shingiro bw’ubuzima
3. Kugabanya ibitera ubwonko kujagarara

Gukina bifasha incuro eshatu. Binyuze mu gukina abana bubaka ubushuti,basabana ubushuti, biga kugira amarangamutima; ishyari, umujinya, kurambirwa no guhura n’ibidukikije. Gukina nibyingenzi ku mikurire y’uwana kuko bigira uruhare mu mitekerereze, igihagararo, gusabana n’amarangamutima y’umwana. Ikirenzeho gukina bitanga amahirwe ku babyeyi yo gusabana n’abana no kwishima byimbitse.

NIKUKI GUKIRA ARI INGENZI KU MIKURIRE Y’ABANA?

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko gukina byungura imikurire y’abana. bifasha ubuzima,bifasha mu mikurire y’ubwonko. Ifasha abana kwisanga no gusabana nabo bari kumwe,guhanga no kuvumbura bijyana no gushira ubwoba.

Binyuze mu mikino abana:

• Biyubakamo ikizere no kuma bashoboye hamwe kwiyubaha.
• Bagira ubumenyi bwo gusabana n’abandi,ururimi no kuganira.
• Biga uko bita kubandi n’ibibakikije
• Bagira ubuzima bwiza bw’igihagararo
• Buhura n’umuryango mugari
• Biyubakamo ubushobozi kwihanganira no guhangana n’ibibazo,gukemura ibibazo no guhangana n’impinduka.

Gukina n’uburyo byoroshye bwo gufasha abana kwiga.Imikino itandukanye ifasha intekerezo,igihagararo,gusabana n’amarangamutima mu mikurire y’abana. Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko ubushobozi bwo kwiga kw’ishuri bwiyongera cyane iyo gukina byiganje m’ubuzima bwa buri munsi.

Imikurire mu bwenge
Abana bakuza ubwenge mu ikino yose bakina.Tekereza umwana urimo kubaka etaje y’amatafari.kugirango yubake etaje umwana akoresha ubumenyi afite agategura etaje.Ikirenzeho umwana yiga kugenzura umubabaro yagira etaje iramutse iguye.Umwana azakomeza kugerageza kugeza ubwo azayubaka.

Muri ubwo buryo yiga uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo. Aha hari urutonde rw’imikino ifasha abana gukura mu bwenge:

• Gukurikiranya ibikinisho bifasha abana kwiga imibare n’ibinyepande.
• Imikino y’amakarita yongerera abana ubushobozi bwo kwiga.
• Kwikorea imikorera bifasha abana gusobanukirwa no kuenya isi ibazengurutse.
• Kwiga indirimbo no kuririmba bifasha gukura k’uririmi. 

Gukura mu gihagararo
Gukina bifasha abana gukura mu gihagararo. Abana bato kakina bakurura banasunika ibikinisho  banaterura utuntu duto bifasha imikurire y’ubushobozi bw’imikaya.Abana bakuze bakuza igihagararo n’ubushobozi bw’imikaya binyuze mu kujungunya,gufasha,kurira no kwandika.

Kwiga uko twatwara impagarike yacu gaharo gahoro- amaguru,amaboko, ibiganza n’imikaya- byitwa ubushobozi bwo kugenzura ingingo. imikurire y’ubushobozi bwo kugenzura ingingo bushobora gutezwa imbere binyuze mu gukora inzira ku mubyimba wigiti cyangwa amabuye noneho ugasaba umwana gushyira ikirenge ku mpera imwe icyarimwe. birasa nuko uburinganire bw’umwana bwiyongera binyuze gushira imbaho hagati y’impera eshatu akagerageza ubushobozi bw’uburinganire bwe.

Urugero: Nadeje afite imyaka itandatu.yasanzwe ku muhanda ari mukigero cy’imyaka ibiri.ntiyari yaratojwe gutambuka ibyo bigatuma atabasha kugenda,ibyumviro bye by’uburinganire byari hasi cyane-rimwe na rimwe yagwaga hasi,akagenda nk’umwana ufite umwaka umwe. umubyeyi wamureraga yakinaga nawe:ninde washobora kwirengera igitebo umwanya muremure.nubwo yabikoraga bimworoheye,umubyeyi wamureraga yqnqnirwaga kwirengera igitebo,bose bikabasetsa iyo babaga babyimenyereza. Nyuma yibyumweru bike Nadaje yashoboraga kugenda yirengereye igitebo,ubu agenda yemye.Kuko byari umukino,Nadeje yakomeje kugerageza.Ntaba yarashoboye kubimenya iyo aza gusabwa kugenda yemye.  

Imikurire mu marangamutima no gusabana
Binyuze mu mikino,gusabana bihinduka isano. Gukina bikomeza isano hagati y’umurezi n’umwana binyuze mubusabane buba mu gukina.Igiha bakina n’abana, abarezi barushaho gusobanukirwa abana biruseho,bikongera isano y’urukundo no kuganira hagati y’umurezi n’umwana.

Gukinana hamwe n’abandi,kwigana abakuru no gukora ibyo bakora bifasha imikurire y’amarangammutima no gusabana by’abana.Ikirenzeho,Ibikorwa nkibyo kumva umuziki,bisa nko gukina kandi gukina kugendeye ku mabwiriza bifasha abana gukura mu gusabana no mu marangamutima. Ubumenyi buvanwa mu mikino bukoreshwa no mu buzima buzaza.

Gukina ni ingenzi ku mikurire y’ubumenye bwo gukemura ibibazo.Ubushashatsi bwerekana ko abana n’abakiba bakuru bafite bafite ubushobozi bwo guhangana no gukemura ibibazo.Ubu bushobozi buba ingenzi cyane mu isi ihinduka byihuse.

Urugero: Tekereza inshuti ebyiri: Gahiki na Mazimpaka bafite imyaka irindwi. Bakoze agakino: Gahiki ni umupolisi,agerageza gufata Mazimpaka,utwara yihuta cyane.Baganiriye ku mabwiriza,kugirango babshe kumvikana,bagirane amasezerano ku bwumvikane.Binyuze murako gakino,abana bize banivumburao imbaraga zingenzi iyo umuntu amaze kuba mukuru.

Ibuka ko gukina ari ibyishimo.buri mwana abigeraho muburyo bwe no mu gihe cye.Gerageza kudahata umwana,cyangwa kugereranya ubushobozi bw’umwana wawe n’ubwabandi bana.

NAYAHE MOKO Y’IMIKINO AFASHA IMIKURIRE Y’ABANA?

Imikino iba mu moko menshi. Ubwoko bwose bufasha imikurire y’umwana.abana bashobora gukinisha udukinisho,iyenda,amakarito,amarange cyangwa ahantu hari umucanga n’amazi.
Ubwoko bwose bw’imikino byose bufasha abana kugira ubushobozi runaka.

Nk’urugero:

• Gukinira ahantu hari umuanga n’amazi bishyitsa umwana k’ubumenyi bw’imibare
• mu kwiga ibyerekeye ibisukika,ibifatika nuko bapima ibintu biri mu makarito.
• Gushushanya no gusiga amarange,gukinisha udukinisho byongera ubuhanzi bw’umwana,gutekereza no kugaragaza ibyiyumviro.
• Kubaka inkuta n’udukinisho dufite imiterere itandukanye byongera ubushobozi byo gutandukanya ibintu no gushyira ibintu ku murongo,byongera kugira ibitekerezo bifututse.
• Gukina umipira,kubyina,kwiruka,kurira-ibi byose bifasha ubushobozi bw’igihagararo,gukomera,kutagagara n’ubushobozi mu guhanahana amakuru.
• Kuririmba no kubyina bigize imikino.byongera ukwigenzura ku mubiri no kugira injyana mu bikorwa byose.

Bizwi ko abana bakenera kugira ibikinisho byinshi kugirango bakine.naho ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ibikinisho byemerera abana gukoresha ibitekerezo byabo bagahimba udukino twabo, ni ibikinisho bibafasha kwishimira ubuzima iyo bakuze.gukora ibikinisho mu bintu biri ahuri nabyo ni umukino.amagerani yakoreshejwe n’insinga bishobora gukorwamo imodoka.Ibikinisho bishobora gukorwa mu myenda n’amashami. Gukora ibikinisho bifasha abana kwiga gutekereza no kubaka. Rero abana ntibakeneye ibikinisho byinshi ngo bakuze ubwonko buzima.Icyo bakeneye ni ibikinisho bike byoroheje bishobora gukangura ibitekerezo byabo no guhanga udushya.